Itik Alabio

Tentang

The Itik Alabio is a domesticated duck breed originating from Indonesia, specifically from the Alabio district in South Kalimantan. It is a local variant of the domestic duck (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus), primarily raised for egg and meat production. It is known for its high egg-laying capacity and adaptability to local conditions.

Ukuran dan masa hidup

Panjang

50-65 cm

Bentang sayap

80-95 cm

Berat

1.5-2.5 kg (female), 2.0-3.0 kg (male)

Masa hidup

5-10 years (in captivity/domesticated settings)

Makanan

Omnivore

Ciri fisik

Bulu

Typically exhibits a mottled brown and white plumage, often with a darker head and neck. Some individuals may show iridescent green or blue speculum feathers on the wings, inherited from its Mallard ancestry. The overall coloration can vary, but a distinct pattern is often observed, with lighter underparts and darker upperparts.

Bentuk paruh

Broad, flattened, and spatulate bill, adapted for dabbling and foraging in shallow water. Color is typically yellow to orange, sometimes with darker markings.

Warna mata

Dark brown.

Warna kaki

Orange to reddish-orange, with webbed feet.

Ciri pembeda

Its robust body, relatively upright posture compared to wild ducks, and the characteristic mottled brown and white plumage are key features. The bill color and leg color are also important identifiers. It often has a more pronounced 'keel' or breastbone due to selective breeding for meat production.

Penampilan muda

Ducklings are covered in soft down, typically yellow with brown markings on the back and head. They grow rapidly, and their juvenile plumage gradually resembles that of the adult female before developing full adult coloration.

Perubahan musiman

As a domesticated breed, significant seasonal plumage changes are not observed as they are in wild ducks. Plumage remains relatively consistent throughout the year, though feather wear and molting can affect appearance.

Dimorfisme seksual

Males (drakes) are generally larger and heavier than females (ducks). While wild Mallard drakes have distinct breeding plumage, Itik Alabio drakes often retain a more subdued, mottled plumage similar to females, though they may have a slightly darker head and neck, and sometimes a more pronounced curl in the tail feathers (drake feather). Females are typically more vocal.

Cara identifikasi

1. 1

   Plumage

   Look for the characteristic mottled brown and white body plumage. The head and neck may be darker brown, and some individuals might show a subtle green or blue speculum on the wing.

2. 2

   Body Shape and Size

   Observe its robust, heavy-bodied build, typical of a domestic duck. It is larger and heavier than most wild ducks, with a somewhat upright posture.

3. 3

   Bill and Leg Color

   Note the broad, yellow to orange bill and bright orange to reddish-orange webbed feet. These colors are consistent and aid in identification.

4. 4

   Vocalization

   Listen for the loud, characteristic 'quack' of the female, which is distinct from the softer calls of the male and other waterfowl.

5. 5

   Behavior

   Its presence in agricultural settings, its dabbling feeding style, and its social, non-migratory behavior are strong indicators of a domestic duck breed like Itik Alabio.

Habitat dan persebaran

Bioma

Primarily found in agricultural areas, farms, and rural settlements. Requires access to freshwater bodies such as ponds, rivers, canals, and rice paddies.

Persebaran geografis

Endemic to Indonesia, specifically originating from the Alabio district in South Kalimantan. It is now widely distributed across various islands of Indonesia where duck farming is prevalent.

Rentang ketinggian

Typically found in lowland agricultural areas, from sea level up to moderate elevations where suitable freshwater habitats and farming practices exist.

Lingkungan yang disukai

Prefers environments with shallow water for dabbling, open fields for foraging, and sheltered areas for nesting and roosting. Often seen in close proximity to human settlements due to its domesticated nature.

Perilaku

Waktu aktivitas

Diurnal, most active during daylight hours for foraging and social interactions.

Kebiasaan makan

Dabbles in shallow water, sifting through mud and vegetation for seeds, aquatic plants, insects, larvae, small crustaceans, and mollusks. Also grazes on land, consuming grasses and agricultural waste. As a domesticated duck, it is also fed commercial duck feed.

Perilaku sosial

Highly social, typically found in flocks or groups. They are generally docile and tolerant of other ducks and poultry. They form strong social bonds within their flock.

Pola terbang

Capable of flight, but generally less inclined to fly long distances than wild ducks due to its heavier body and domestication. Flight is direct and strong when undertaken, but often limited to short distances within its immediate environment.

Pola migrasi

Non-migratory. It is a domesticated breed and remains in its local habitat year-round.

Teritorialitas

Generally not territorial, especially in a domesticated setting. Males may exhibit some dominance displays during breeding season, but aggressive territorial defense is uncommon.

Reproduksi

Musim kawin

Can breed year-round in optimal conditions, but peak breeding activity often coincides with favorable weather and food availability, typically during the wet season in Indonesia.

Kebiasaan bersarang

Nests are typically simple depressions on the ground, lined with grass, leaves, and down feathers. In domesticated settings, they often use designated nesting boxes or sheltered areas provided by farmers.

Jumlah telur

8-15 eggs, though in commercial settings, eggs are often collected daily, and artificial incubation may be used.

Deskripsi telur

Eggs are typically greenish-blue to white, medium to large in size. Known for high egg production.

Masa inkubasi

Approximately 28 days.

Masa terbang

Ducklings are precocial, meaning they are able to walk, swim, and feed themselves shortly after hatching. They become independent from the mother within 6-8 weeks, though they remain part of the flock.

Perawatan orang tua

The female (duck) primarily incubates the eggs and cares for the ducklings. The male (drake) typically does not participate in parental care.

Di mana ditemukan

Tips lapangan

1. Visit Rural Areas. Focus your birdwatching efforts in rural and agricultural regions of Indonesia, especially in areas known for duck farming.
2. Observe Water Bodies. Scan ponds, slow-moving rivers, and flooded fields where ducks typically forage. Look for groups of ducks dabbling in shallow water.
3. Listen for Calls. The loud quacking of female domestic ducks can often be heard before the birds are seen, helping to locate them.
4. Distinguish from Wild Ducks. Pay attention to body size, plumage patterns (especially the mottled brown/white), and the less agile flight compared to wild Mallards or other native waterfowl.

Spesies serupa

Fakta singkat

Origin:

Alabio, South Kalimantan, Indonesia

Primary Use:

Egg and meat production

Egg Color:

Greenish-blue to white

Temperament:

Docile and social

Flight Capability:

Limited, short-distance flights

Fakta menarik

• The Itik Alabio is a highly valued local duck breed in Indonesia, specifically bred for its superior egg-laying performance compared to other local duck varieties.
• Its name 'Alabio' directly refers to its place of origin, the Alabio district in Hulu Sungai Utara Regency, South Kalimantan.
• Despite being a domestic duck, it retains many behavioral traits of its wild Mallard ancestors, such as dabbling for food and social flocking.
• The greenish-blue egg color is a distinctive trait of many domestic duck breeds, including the Itik Alabio.

Klasifikasi ilmiah

Kerajaan

Animalia

Filum

Chordata

Kelas

Aves

Ordo

Anseriformes

Famili

Anatidae

Genus

Anas

Spesies

Anas platyrhynchos domesticus

Jelajahi Itik Alabio