Forster's Tern look-alikes

Key differences

Forster's Tern in breeding plumage has an orange-red bill with a black tip, while Common Tern has a red bill with a more extensive black tip. In non-breeding plumage, Forster's has a distinct black eye-patch and white forehead, whereas Common Tern has a more diffuse dark patch on the nape and a dusky wash on the crown. In flight, Forster's shows silvery-white outer primaries (a 'window'), while Common Tern has darker outer primaries. Forster's has a longer, more deeply forked tail.

Key differences

Arctic Tern has a shorter, all-red bill (no black tip) in breeding plumage, and shorter legs. Its flight is lighter and more buoyant. In non-breeding plumage, Arctic Tern has a more extensive dark cap that extends further down the nape, and a less distinct eye-patch than Forster's. Arctic Tern's outer primaries are darker, lacking the 'window' effect of Forster's.

Key differences

Elegant Tern is significantly larger with a much longer, thinner, slightly drooped orange bill. Its crest is shaggier, and its flight is more powerful. While both have black caps in breeding plumage, the bill shape and size are unmistakable.