Gadwall look-alikes

Key differences

Female Gadwalls are often confused with female Mallards. Gadwalls are generally smaller, more slender, and have a smaller head and bill. The most reliable distinction is the white speculum of the Gadwall (Mallards have a blue speculum bordered with white) and the lack of an orange bill in female Gadwalls (Mallards often have an orange bill with a dark saddle). Male Gadwalls lack the iridescent green head of male Mallards.

Key differences

Both Gadwall and American Wigeon are dabbling ducks. Male American Wigeons have a prominent white crown and green patch behind the eye, and a white belly. Female American Wigeons have a gray head and neck, and a smaller, less distinct white speculum than Gadwalls. Gadwalls have a black rump, which Wigeons lack.

Key differences

While distinct due to the large spatulate bill, female Northern Shovelers can have mottled brown plumage. However, the bill shape is an unmistakable difference. Gadwalls have a more typical duck bill.